The relationship between the risk factors present in Iraq and leadership style, time, budget, and performance : case of Sima Baghdad

Abstract

Purpose: This study has two main purposes. The first is to identify what is the prevalent leadership style at Sima Baghdad and the most effective leadership style in a high-risk environment. The second is to recognize if there is a relationship between the effect of each risk factor on time, budget, and performance. Design/methodology/approach: Participants of this study are employees at Sima Baghdad holding managerial positions (except administrative positions) and/or have a leadership role on site. The study used a quantitative descriptive approach as well as Spearman's Row to accept or reject hypotheses. Findings: The results indicate that "team management" style is the prevalent leadership style at Sima Baghdad and is the most suitable leadership style in a highrisk environment. In addition to that, there is a relationship between the effect of "war" risk and "climate" risk on time, budget, and performance, but is not the case with the relationship between the effect of "tribal issues" risk on time, budget, and performance. Research limitations/implications: The study was limited by three main factors: distance, language, and sample size. Practical implications: The findings of this study allows Human Resource to choose the right candidate with the appropriate leadership style for the project in a high risk environment. Training can be given to the candidate based on the factors which constitute "Team Management" leadership style. Moreover, the knowledge of the risk factors and their relationship to time, budget, and performance allows for risk control. Originality/value: The results of this study add to the existing body of knowledge of project management in the fields of risk, leadership, and project goals.