“The first law of thermodynamics says that the total quantity of energy in the universe remains constant. This is the principle of the conservation of energy. The second law of thermodynamics, which is controlled by the concept of entropy, states that the quality of this energy is degraded irreversibly. It is the principle of the degradation of energy.” (Rosnay 1998). (See figure1. Entropy Law Graph. (Skarameas, 1985) page 1). Based on the above, and making use of the opportunities provided by the era of liberation, and due to the predominant lack of public awareness of energy saving (see ...

February 14, 2005, a day to remember for the Lebanese. Prime Minister (PM) Rafik Hariri was assassinated in a car explosion in Beirut. Hariri was always a popular figure but his assassination led him to symbolic status. Mass demonstrations followed, called the Cedar Revolution by the US State Department, Christians and Muslims together demanded their freedom from Syria's grip. But in disagreement, Lebanon's "largest religious group, the Shia, remain[ed] alienated". Along with the demonstration and other reactions of the people was yet another unique way to protest, this being to write graffiti ...

Social and political aspects in Lebanon were considered as an essential factor in Lebanese architecture style modification. The shift to modern architecture and design were the outcome of lifestyle’s commercial events and foreign rules. In this prospect, many Lebanese architecture elements and prototypes waned as a result of this shift to modern architecture and change of lifestyles. One essential element/prototype was the Central Hall house, which was the social core of the Lebanese family. Thus, Central Hall, valued as a national Lebanese heritage, faded progressively, eliminating the central ...

Preoccupied with the Arabic language’s complexity, and striving to find one common pointer of educational strength, this thesis, epistemological in its core, deals, manifestly with typographic issues. Nevertheless, it engages in the cultural, psychological, and neurological in order to serve the educational. It builds upon substantiated historical study of the genetic descent of the letters in general and the Arabic alphabet arbitrariness in particular with their respective cross-cultural interpretations along with related criticisms. From the naïve Cuneiform system of writing to the most elaborate ...

People with low vision form a user group that graphic designers and visual communicators often fail to address. Product packages are just one example of a design output that may not need of low vision clientele. This study consolidates and summarizes literature relevant to the design needs of people with low vision including literature on inclusive design, visibility of colors and pictures, readability and legibility of type and packaging semantics. The aim of this thesis is to set guidelines for packaging designers and introduce the needs of people with low vision in their design practices. To ...

As technology evolved, its user reliance increased in many domains as it provided a range of new opportunities in the process of creativity and design. The notion concerning whether these advancements are improvements or not, is debatable since they gave certain results but were also the reason behind the emergence of a new problematic. In the field of animation, it is not strange to see the re-occurring term “The Uncanny Valley” in critiques of realistically animated films. This term was proposed by Dr. Masahiro Mori to describe a drop in likeness of realistically rendered characters after they ...

This research presents the problem of Arabic illustrated picture books in the Lebanese market that need to be enhanced in relation to the design and illustration aspects for children aged five to seven. The aim of this thesis is to increase readership and learning in the Arabic language among children in Lebanon and guide illustrators in enhancing the quality of their picture book illustrations. Several aspects appropriate for the development of picture book illustration guidelines for children were reviewed including communication through visual language, the contemporary approach of including ...

Durability is a term that has widely affected the design industry in general and the graphic design industry in particular over the last decade. It has given the design profession in general a problem-solving aspect and a fundamental role in creating and promoting more responsible design solutions. In the graphic field, a logo design plays a partial but important role in the communication of an identity: A logo is for “identification” of a business or product in its simplest form. Case studies show that logo design is not durable. It is periodically re-designed, as an attempt to update the ...

As a classical musician who has played in the styles of twentieth century popular music, I developed an interest in studying and analyzing popular music, particularly Heavy Metal music. This study focuses on Heavy Metal's musical language of the period between the early 1970s and mid-1980s, including bands such as Deep Purple, Black Sabbath, Ozzy Osbourne, Judas Priest, and Iron Maiden. It covers the historical background of the style, then analyzes extensively the harmonic structures of the genre and examines the form, rhythm, and melodies using statistical data from a corpus selection of Heavy ...

It is widely acknowledged that video games can provide an engaging, motivating, and fun experience, but their capacity to constitute learning experiences is less known and their learning experiences are usually an accidental side effect. The digital gaming community has branched over to games that aim to leverage the power of play to support specific activities, such as therapeutic, educational, or organizational training activities; called serious games. After reviewing underpinning theories, key literatures, and challenges and issues involved in the process of serious game design; it is quickly ...