The remarkable success of comparative advertising especially in Lebanon has sparked considerable discussions over the relative qualities and risks. Comparative advertising in the Middle East, European Union and United States has shown application of the rules and regulations of the governments through respecting the law of the community via its influence on consumer purchasing behavior which goes along with hypothesis one. This study has explored the position of the Lebanese market regarding comparative advertising through taking the opinions of some legal experts and practitioners in the field. ...
It was Obama's 2008 brilliant campaign that shed light on the meaning and importance of a consistent political marketing campaign. It proved to have significant effects on people's voting behavior and it inspired many individuals including the author of this study who accordingly sought out answers on one main question: How can Lebanese political entities use the political marketing lessons developed from Obama's 2008 campaign and apply them in the Lebanese Context? The author conducted several interviews and examined various literatures to collect the necessary data and then interpreted them ...
The main factor is pinning down the income of the Lebanese movie is piracy. Investors are not willing to spend their money in a high risk project if piracy is going to continue affecting negatively the revenues of films.the growth of the Lebanese cinema is facing many obstacles. The major one is the difficulty to finance a film because financiers do not consider the Lebanese cinema as an industry with potencial success. For them, investing in a movie is not a thriving business that makes fast profit or even any profit. A lot of Lebanese movies didn't make it "financially". The producers are still ...
The aim of this study is to explore how Facebook’s platform is used in the grieving practices in Lebanon. In addition, it is supposed to reveal whether or not it soothes the five stages of grief, introduced by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross(1997): 1) Denial, 2) Anger, 3) Bargaining, 4) Depression, and 5) Acceptance, by incorporating the support of others. Results will show if a Lebanese virtual grieving outlet on Facebook is actually present and effective. Using variables such as feelings, the five stages of grief and gratification of human needs, two methods of research were used for this study, qualitative ...
The objective of this study is to create an understanding of the importance of using Twitter in Lebanese retail companies and how it directly affects the customers’ buying decision. The aim is to define the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of Twitter that differentiate it from traditional marketing communication channels (TV. Press Ads, Billboards…), and from other Social Media tools (Facebook, Pinterest, Instagram…). It is also about opportunities and challenges Twitter induces for communication. The paper explores the use of Twitter in communicating with current and potential ...
his study compares the performance of six to nine-year old Arabic-English bilingual children from Lebanese private schools to that of their monolingual peers in the English language in the areas of semantic development, awareness of the arbitrary nature of word-referent relationship, divergent thinking, knowledge of grammatical structures, and logical reasoning. The purpose is to find out whether the bilinguals have been positively affected by their bilingualism. The exercises are taken from researchers who conducted their studies after 1960 and believe that bilingualism results in cognitive ...
In recent years, the food and beverage industry in Lebanon has viewed children and adolescents as a major market force. As a result, children and adolescents are now the target of intense and specialized food marketing and advertising efforts, especially fast food companies. The Lebanese society has witnessed an increase in overweight children and diabetic ones. This increase is due to several factors related to the types of food marketed to this category of people: - Food captures 12.5% of Lebanese consumer spending and so there is vigorous competition within this industry - Food is a repeat-purchase ...
One of the most vital rights to the human race is education, especially in a school setting. Disruptive behaviors in the classroom can be an obstacle in front of this right. Here comes the importance of managing classroom behavior to provide the best education to students. Moreover, focusing on these behaviors can help the student in question develop many of his cognitive and social-emotional abilities. A technique that proves beneficial in this regard involves giving the child the motivation needed to facilitate his adaptation and development. One effective approach consists in individualizing ...
This study tackles the impact of self portrayal on Instagram on body image and self-esteem. Social media platforms have now become extremely diversified, having both positive and negative effects. Framing theory and hyper reality were used to help explain how social media platforms have made reality so hard to achieve by framing what they want to highlight and keeping a lot in the darkness. The quantitative research methodology was used because it is objective, and relies on concrete numbers which helps remove bias from the research. Results showed that the hypotheses stated weren’t completely ...
The entire world has been dealing with strange events, problems, and situations. Unfortunately, the state of education is quickly impacted by external events. The way education is delivered, and schools are run has changed as a result of these instances. Because of the political, health, and economic crises, Lebanon has been going through a very difficult time, which has made the educational sector more and more unstable. The financial status of most Lebanese families has been impacted by the Lebanese pound's loss of more than 90% of its value without a rise in wages. As a result, many people, ...
In this study, the researcher evaluated whether the media could influence the public's perception of individuals, stories, or to and create controversy in some cases in our society; and how the media should act to prevent such issues The research methodology used in this study to analyze the effect of media on individuals is comprised of both qualitative and quantitative methods. These methods are used to understand how individuals perceive different complexions and media coverage in court trials. Since vital factors are provided by both qualitative as well as quantitative market research, it ...
The progression of cities, as Henri Lefebvre observed, can be studied as the slow spread of its heterotopic peripheries over its dominant space. This margin-to-center motion is usually accompanied by a change of the individual’s mindset, notably affecting their concepts of space, time, and identity. Thus, this thesis will trace how the cybercity—the newest addition to the urban evolution and formerly a heterotopic periphery of human life—has expanded into the dominant space of the physical city, therefore imposing its understanding of spatiality, temporality, and individuality on the contemporary ...
Globalization and the recent technological advancements, such as smart phones, internet usage, social media and more, are contributing to the idea that our world is getting smaller by the minute. Different societies from all over the world are beginning to intertwine and as a result exposure to new cultures has become easier than ever through the use of different technologies, such as the Internet; and such exposure has played a role in a person’s cultural intelligence.
Cultural Intelligence is a relatively new concept that has become increasingly popular within the last decade. Every individual ...
This study explores the attitudes of the Intermediate level learners and teachers toward the usability of the interactive whiteboard (IWB) in English as a second language (ESL) teaching and learning contexts. It also seeks to examine the impact these teachers perceive the IWB to have on their student's learning and their own teaching practices, as well as the learners' perceptions of the IWB's impact on their own abilities in ESL. Quantitative data was collected at regular set intervals through the administrative of questionnaires. The data collection process also involved having semi-structured ...
This thesis intends to examine the multi-faceted interplay between Censorship and
Audio-visual Translation (AVT) in the Arab region and particularly in Lebanon, focusing
on how censorship controls and regulates the English-Arabic subtitling process. An
audio-visual script is only meaningful when it carries within its subtitled lines the original
film’s identity, culture and feel. This thesis will try to demonstrate how censorship
policies can hinder the message conveyance and widen the cultural gap between the
source language and target language. It will show the impact of these censorship ...
Al Assaad, Assaad(Notre Dame University-Louaize, 2020)
Abstract. Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) is an athletic discipline that requires strength and
can cause serious injuries to athletes. It is therefore very controversial and discussed by
many as being very aggressive. Furthermore, there is very limited academic research on
the topic of MMA and aggression in Lebanon. The present study aims at exploring the
relationships between alexithymia, aggression, and impulsivity among the MMA athletes
in Lebanon through a correlational design by testing the following four hypotheses: (H1)
Higher levels of alexithymia in MMA athletes predict more injuries, ...
This research studies the budget shift from traditional media to social media in advertising campaigns in Lebanon. The objective of this thesis is to highlight the impact of social media on its target audience and compare it to the traditional media’s effect while taking into consideration percentage of reach, cost and interaction. In addition, the literature review covered four studies created by different researchers, (1) the new recipe in marketing strategy, (2) “Happies” campaign on social media, (3) social media marketing: the evaluation study in the wellness industry, and (4) social media ...
This study describes the effects and effectiveness of explicit instruction of grammar on first year translation students’ writing skills enhancing transfer and hedging interference. First year translation students in a French-medium university in Lebanon study English, the target language, as both a means and an end. While communicative teaching methodologies look down upon and heavily criticize explicit instruction, students with French as their L2 have always felt safe given grammar rules, hoping to apply them right away. In order to increasing students’ metacognitive awareness, explicit ...
Scholars have been increasingly concerned with portrayals of terrorism in mainstream and alternative media outlets. Although terrorism had previously received some scholarly attention, the political and policy ramifications of September 11 and subsequent terrorist threats or attacks on the European Union, the United States and the Middle East have prompted an even more immediate and voluminous response from scholars. Communication researchers have since focused on public response and reaction to terrorist attacks, definitions of terrorism, policy questions, media portrayals of terrorism, and ...
Using framing theory, this study will examine how the United States (U.S.) government uses film as propaganda to justify its successful encroachment of Iraq and Afghanistan. After the U.S.’s failure to achieve its goals in Iraq and Afghanistan, it has been using the film medium to frame the images of the U.S. soldiers and represent them as patriotic and sacrificial, while distorting the image of both Iraqis and Afghanis. The propaganda film has always been used as a tool for mass manipulation by many nations, among them the U.S.. The films American Sniper, The Hurt Locker and Lone Survivor portray ...