In this work we discuss a special kind of stochastic processesX=〖{X_t}〗_(〖t∈R〗_(≥0) ) that are of exceptional interest from both the theoretical ad the applied points of view. These processes are called Affine Processes, and are characterized by the fact that their characteristic function has the form of an exponential of an affine function, i.e. by 〖∅^x〗_X (u) |_t=E^x [e^(<X_(t ),u>) ]=e^(Φ(t,u)+<x,Ψ(t,u)>), Where the exponent Φ(t,u)+ <x,Ψ(t,u)> Is an affine function of its initial state x in the state-space E=〖R^m〗_(≥0)×R^n. The above expectation E^x is the expectation which respect to the ...

The purpose of this dissertation is to study pseudo-Riemannian algebras, which are algebras with pseudo-Riemannian non-degenerate symmetric bilinear forms. The paper([1]), the authors Zhiqi Chen, Ke Liang, and Fuhai Zhu find that pseudo-Riemannian algebras whose left centers are isotropic play a key role and show that the decomposition of pseudo-Riemannian algebras whose left centers are isotropic into indecomposable non-degenerate ideals is unique up to a special automorphism. Furthermore, if the left center equals the center, the orthogonal decomposition of any pseudo-Riemannian algebra into ...

Anomaly detection is the process of finding outlying record from a given data set. This problem has been of increasing importance due to the increase in the size of the data and the need to efficiently extract those outlying records that can have important indications in real-life problems. Anomaly detection is applied in many different sectors. There are many approaches to solve the anomaly detection problem. However, those that are more widely applicable are unsupervised approaches as they do not require labeled data. The aim of this thesis is to study a well-known anomaly detection technique ...

Since the first rise of extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL), ESBLproducing organisms have posed a remarkable threat to hospitalized patients due to their activity against cephalosporins, restricting available treatment option. This rapid emergence of ESBLs has been confronted by limited data regarding both phenotypic and genotypic profiles. This lack of information requires more exploration. The aim of this study was, in the first place, to investigate the effect of garlic (A ilium sativum) ethanolic plant extract against ESBL- producing Escherichia co/i and its effect in combination ...

The aim of this thesis is to study the impact of a three-year-study of computer science at Notre Dame University on the students’ academic performances. For this reason, the GPAs of the students after their first year of study were compared with their GPAs upon graduation. To perform this, a Decision Tree, as well as Neural Networks were used. These algorithms helped us to predict the final GPA based on the first two semesters’ GPA. In addition, the most decisive courses on the student GPA were identified. For this reason, Relief algorithm was used to identify the three most important courses ...

Technology and educational systems have been going hand in hand over the years, creating various digital examination platforms to further improve and digitize the pen and paper examination process in schools and universities. However, these improvements still offer the same stress and anxiety a student may experience during a pen and paper exam. Virtual reality technology has been making its way to desktop computers and mobile phones and its use has varied between many fields including medical, scientific, and military. In this thesis, the use of virtual reality technology focuses on the education ...

Chronic moderate alcohol consumption has been implicated in promoting bone health in acyclic (postmenopausal) women via increasing bone mineral density. To our knowledge, no studies investigated the potential effects of ethanol on the bone-specific markers osteocalcin and RANKL which are important in regulating osteoblast - osteoclast activity and bone metabolism. Therefore, the aim of the study was to look into RANKL expression in serum and RANKL and osteocalcin expression in the femoral neck following chronic alcohol consumption of 12% v/v ethanol in water in acyclic C57BL/6 mice. Female ...

The aim of data mining as a scientific research is developing methods to analyze large amounts of data in order to discover interesting regularities or exceptions. Typical problems, which should be resolved during developing effective data mining algorithms, arise from the large sizes of both: The data sets used in the data mining process and the patterns results sets (for example in rules) which form discovered knowledge. Scientific researchers are oriented to find the most advantageous (i.e. most effective) solutions both during the data preparation stage and exploration and finally post- ...

In this thesis, automatic segmentation of liver veins from ultrasound slices is implemented and further rendered into 3D image to assist the medical doctor to more accurately apply any study intended on the liver. The main part of this study is the texture analysis since it is the hardest problem in common. As a start, 4 different techniques in texture analysis have been introduced, the Spatial Gray-level Dependence Matrices (SGLDM), The Fourier Power Spectrum (FPS), The Gray- Level Difference Statistics (GLD), and Law's Texture Energy Measure (TEM). Each of these methods have been discussed ...

Bitcoin is the most popular purely digital cryptocurrency nowadays. It started in 2009 as a peer to peer payment system, decentralized, pseudo-anonymous and secure system of money. The main objective of this study is to estimate and predict the weekly close bitcoin price by including other variables like commodities, indexes and demand / supply variables through different kind of machine learning and deep learning such as multiple regression, time series ARIMA model, artificial neural network, combination of multiple regression and ARIMA model, and finally combination of multiple regression, ...