Scholars have been increasingly concerned with portrayals of terrorism in mainstream and alternative media outlets. Although terrorism had previously received some scholarly attention, the political and policy ramifications of September 11 and subsequent terrorist threats or attacks on the European Union, the United States and the Middle East have prompted an even more immediate and voluminous response from scholars. Communication researchers have since focused on public response and reaction to terrorist attacks, definitions of terrorism, policy questions, media portrayals of terrorism, and ...

In light of the influence of fake news on the Lebanese revolution that was ignited on the 17th of October 2019, this research paper examines how Notre Dame University (NDU) students reacted, assessed and were affected by false information. Four focus groups were conducted with 24 NDU students from different faculties and majors to gather valuable results. To answer this study’s five questions and look deeper into the youth’s behavior, comprehension, and evaluation of fake news spread on social media, the researcher adopted the Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT) developed by Katz in 1959. The ...

The purpose of this thesis was to study how individual psychological factors, including perceived gratifications, loneliness, and boredom, have a correlation with mobile social game uses and addiction. Notably, the study laid emphasis on the case of Candy Crush in particular to assess the possible relationships between the mentioned above variables. The study covered high school students in the Maten region Lebanon. The sample size was 90 students, 30 students from three high schools based on purposive sampling, which is a non-probability sampling method. The findings of the study showed that ...

The impact of the thin ideal body of a woman as is presented in media has been constantly investigated in the literature of the female body image. This study has explored the potential effects of television's body image on the perception of Lebanese females between 20 and 30 years old. By using the social comparison theory as a mechanism, this study has investigated the relationship between television exposure, automatic self-comparison, body dissatisfaction, and mood disturbance. A sample of 145 Lebanese female filled out an online questionnaire and report the number of hours they spent watching ...

For over 4 years (2017-2021), new content was constantly being added to this research, for a long-term observation of events, such as the rise and fall of Lebanese figures: after this paper’s interviews, two of the interviewees witnessed their superiors being convicted (Khalil Sehnaoui from Krypton Security, and Suzanne Hajj Hobeiche from the Internal Security Forces). The authoritarian theory was judged as most appropriate to convey the necessity of a technology that would allow private communication among citizens of oppressive regimes: most dangerously, however, is when journalists do not ...

The relationship between religion and politics is critical, particularly in a multi-confessional country like Lebanon. Against this backdrop, this study explores the impact of religious speeches and news reports broadcasted by a number of Lebanese TV stations to decode the specific propagated message via these news texts. In other words, in order for Lebanon to progress and mature politically, it is necessary that there be a clear distinction between religion and politics. But given the nature and history of Lebanon, this distinction should not amount to total separation. A healthy distinction ...

Municipalities are in direct contact with their communities, delivering basic services and ensuring safety and security within their jurisdiction, and they are at the forefront of the response to crises. While it is imperative to understand the potential of municipal communication in bridging the trust gap between the state and citizens to improve functionality and social stability, there is a dearth of such studies in Lebanon. This study becomes even more pertinent considering that it comes at a time when Lebanon is facing multiple crises including an unprecedented economic and ...

Traditional media are a one-way conversation addressed by a company to consumers or to the public, whereas Social Media allow a real, balanced and unconstrained two-way conversation between the company and the world. This is why it is of no surprise that some believe that using social media in the marketing strategy can be somehow frightening. This is also why marketers, especially in Lebanon are still reluctant to use social media as part of their marketing mix. The purpose of this thesis is to examine how companies in Lebanon use social media as a marketing and branding tool in consumer ...

This thesis explored women stereotyping in Lebanese TV commercials. Stereotyping concept was defined; international stereotypical images of women and global ads, global images were examined as well as the interpretation of Lebanese TV commercials in the literature review. In the theoretical framework, the Cultivation and the Social Expectation theories were drawn from the Mechanistic and Sociological framework of theories to best examine this subject. This thesis adopted the content analysis technique. Data were analyzed to verify the level to which women depicted in these TV commercials were ...

In the mis nineties, the Lebanese television went through a critical transitional phase as Lebanon was moving towards peace folowing 15 years of civil war. In this stage, an Audio Visual Media Law was introduced to regulate the ownership and opertion of the militia owned de facto radio and television stations. This law was the first of its kind in Lebanon and the Middle East. To cope with the country's media scene, the Lebanese television stations had to restructure themselves on the corporate level, reposition their status, and rethink their programming policies. This mission was accomplished ...