The objectives of this thesis is to offer contributions and solutions to the rehabilitation and reform of local government, the legislative branch (the Parliament) and the bureaucracy as the three essential vehicles entrusted to advance Lebanon's developmental goals. It displays the various experiences and efforts in fostering "good governance" in Lebanon especially as it relates to the empowerment of local authorities and fostering appropriate decentralization measures. This research is divided into five chapters. The first one provides an overview of the historical development of the lebanese ...

For most of this century, the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) has been the world's leading organization in the field of international commercial dispute resolution. Established in 1923 as the arbitration body of ICC, the International Court of Arbitration has pioneered international commercial arbitration as it is known today. The Court took the lead in securing the worldwide acceptance of arbitration as the most effective way of resolving international commercial disputes. Since its creation, the Court has administered well over 14 000 international arbitration cases involving parties ...

The main focus of this thesis originates in the idealistic perspective of international affairs, emphasizing not just the states’ interactions but a diversity of domestic and transnational channels, organizations, and individuals. Idealism has held a unique conceptualization of international relations. Depending on the pillars of the global system, it’s interdependent and cooperative structure, and the integrative functionalism of international players. Hence, Idealism promoted the role of individualism, voluntarism and the leaders’ genuine role and impact throughout history, especially on the ...

The principle of the independence of the judiciary, as protected by international and regional apparatuses for the promotion and fortification of human rights, is indispensable to the existence of the rule of law. To guarantee independence in executing legal standards and safeguarding respect of citizens’ rights, the Judiciary must be impartial and independent of the two other legislative and executive powers. However, the judiciary in Lebanon lacks independence and the purpose of this study is to build a framework for understanding the dynamics of the lack of judicial independence in Lebanon. ...

Persons with disabilities have the same rights and needs as others and face the same challenges. The following study is concerned with how persons with disabilities in different countries, especially in Lebanon, are being treated and the obstacles they face when they are integrated with the private and public sectors. The paper will highlight the discrimination in the field of work that involves disrupting equal opportunities to establish a working relationship and enjoy all rights in this field. The present study indicates the importance of education and the role of public and private schools ...

The formation of the International Criminal Court (ICC) has been hailed as one of the most significant developments and achievements toward the goal of achieving peace and justice for humality. The birth of this permanent international court has been very tedious and difficult, not to mention controversial. It is yet to be seen how the ICC will function and carry out its duties under the existing climate of political, security and legal apprehension. The objectives of my thesis are first to present a historical background made to establish the different International criminal Courts with an ...

Four days after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait on the 2nd of August 1990, the Security Council subjugated Iraq to a series of financial and trade sanctions. Since then, comprehensive and partial sanctions became the security Council's favourite arm-twisting tool used at sixteen instances and against eleven countries compared to only two cases during its first forty-five years of operation. Economic sanctions fall theoretically somewhere between diplomacy and war. Their effectiveness as a coercive measure depends on multiple parameters concerning the socio-economic structure of the sanctioned state. ...

Political instability in Lebanon, caused by the tragic war that lasted over 25 years, inhibited and delayed all economic development. A new area of political stability conducive to development emerged soon after 1990. During this era, Lebanon commenced a completely new national economic recovery, a process that witnessed new construction in various infrastructural sectors, to including the courts, telecommunication, electric installations, airports, roads, etc. 1 As part of the Lebanese economic policy, the Lebanese government invites investors and tries to create for them an ...

The concept of Collective security was created to oversee that human rights and global peace are maintained in this ongoing struggled for power. As an organization, the United Nations was created to manage collective security in order to prevent global conflict. The notion of peace keeping was created as one of the counter solutions to any threat to global peace. Peace keeping operations constitute a compromise between peaceful settlement and joint imposition. Knowing the theoretical context and framework of the United Nations' Chapter Six and Chapter Seven is a must for a better knowledge of ...