For the past 30 years, Lebanon has been struggling with housing. Specifically, Beirut’s housing sector faces social, economic, and environmental challenges with the unavailability of adequate housing, unaffordability of prices and lack of energy security. Being one of the oldest in Lebanon, Beirut’s residential stock requires maintenance at the envelope level to bring it up to current energy standards. This thesis focuses on the roofs of the existing stock as they are vulnerable fifth facades, subjected to a Mediterranean climate with 300 sunny days per year, precipitation, and hot and humid ...