Purpose: This study investigates the occurrence of pre-acquisition accrual-based earnings management for a sample of stock- and cash- financed Canadian acquirers between 2005 and 2015 before and after transitioning IFRS in 2010. Design/methodology/approach: Both parametric (t-test) and non-parametric (Wilcoxon test) tests are used to examine the occurrence of accrual-based earnings management in the year preceding the announcement of acquisition. These are compared across stock and cash acquirers as well as before and after the implementation of the IFRS. Findings: Unlike cash acquirers, ...

Purpose: This study investigates the prevalence of accrual-based and real-based earnings management activities prior seasoned equity offerings (SEOs) for a sample of Canadian public firms between 1993 and 2008. This study also examines earnings management trends around reforms in the Canadian corporate governance regime brought by Canadian SOX (CSOX) Act. Design/methodology/approach: Both parametric (t-test) and non-parametric (Wilcoxon test) tests are used to examine the statistical significance of mean and median accrual and real-based manipulation in the year preceding the announcement of a ...

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to shed more light on the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on the Initial Public Offering (IPO) performance of U.S. Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REIT) in the short and long run. Design/methodology/approach: I conduct multi-linear regressions on a sample of 89 US REIT IPO for the years 2003 to 2016. I compute the market adjusted excess returns for each of the first 5 days following the IPO to measure short-run IPO performance and the semi-annual cumulative abnormal returns for each of the three years following the IPO to measure ...

Purpose: This study has two main purposes. First, Assess and compare the predictive ability of the Exponentially Weighted Moving Average EWMA, the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity EGARCH (1, 1), the Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity EGARCH (1, 1), and the Glosten, Jagannathan, and Runkle Generalized Autoregressive Conditional heteroscedasticity GJR-GARCH. Second, Value at Risk is calculated using the Historical Simulation approach and the Extreme Value Theory. Methodology, Design and Approach: The models’ parameters are estimated from ...

Purpose–The purpose of this thesis is to develop a conceptual model that connects factors affecting students’ enrollment in Higher Education Institutions and evaluates the extent to which these factors are influencing institutions’ Value at Risk (VaR). Design/methodology/approach–Structural PCA modeling was employed in this study to examine the association of institutions’ admissions and different influence parameters, and to derive corresponding VaR as a measure of financial risks. Questionnaires were also completed by Grade Ten students of eight different high schools, prior and post orientation ...

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to empirically test the level of interdependence between three major assets: Gold, crude oil and USD index in terms of the return volatility spillover effects. This helps investors managing their portfolios and provides them with sense of direction on how to use these assets in portfolio diversification leading to a risk reduction benefits. Design/methodology/approach: Gold, oil and USD index volatilities are estimated using EGARCH (1, 1) model after detecting the stationarity and heteroskedasticity of the sample using the following diagnostic tests: Augmented ...

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of risk disclosure practices on stock return volatility, market liquidity, and financial performance for insurance companies in UK and Canada before and after IFRS adoption. Design/methodology/approach: The sample is divided into two groups; 14 insurance companies in UK and 12 ones in Canada. Univariate and Multivariate analysis were conducted to examine the impact of risk disclosure practices on stock return volatility, market liquidity, and financial performance for insurance companies before and after the implementation of IFRS with and without ...

Purpose – This thesis has two objectives. The first one is to test empirically the level of interdependence across major stock markets returns, namely, US, EU, and Asia in terms of return and volatility spillover. The second one is to evaluate the impact of news announcements on their stock market volatility. Design/methodology/approach – To model the volatility of the three above mentioned stock markets we apply a battery of univariate time series models from the GARCH family. Dickey Fuller unit root test is used in order to ensure that the three return series are stationary. The mean equation ...

Purpose: This paper investigates the interconnectedness of the five largest cryptocurrencies in terms of market capitalization namely, Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple, Bitcoin Cash and Litecoin through a volatility spillover inspection. It also studies the hedging and/or safe haven capabilities of Ethereum, the second largest cryptocurrency in terms of market capitalization, against the main conventional currencies and the traditional assets in the United States and the European markets. Design/methodology/approach: In the first part of the research, univariate general autoregressive conditional ...

Purpose – The purpose of this thesis is to assess if natural disasters impact the volatility of 19 property-liability insurers in the United States of America (USA) and 3 stock indices over a 10-year period using GARCH (1,1), IGARCH (1,1), EGARCH (1,1) and GJR-GARCH (1,1). Additionally, we implement the Value at Risk (VaR) and Extreme Value Theory (EVT) method to generate the worst loss over a target horizon that will not be exceeded with a given level of confidence. In this regard, this thesis will be a pioneer in examining the performance of capital markets in a context of unusually high ...