his study compares the performance of six to nine-year old Arabic-English bilingual children from Lebanese private schools to that of their monolingual peers in the English language in the areas of semantic development, awareness of the arbitrary nature of word-referent relationship, divergent thinking, knowledge of grammatical structures, and logical reasoning. The purpose is to find out whether the bilinguals have been positively affected by their bilingualism. The exercises are taken from researchers who conducted their studies after 1960 and believe that bilingualism results in cognitive ...

This study explores the attitudes of the Intermediate level learners and teachers toward the usability of the interactive whiteboard (IWB) in English as a second language (ESL) teaching and learning contexts. It also seeks to examine the impact these teachers perceive the IWB to have on their student's learning and their own teaching practices, as well as the learners' perceptions of the IWB's impact on their own abilities in ESL. Quantitative data was collected at regular set intervals through the administrative of questionnaires. The data collection process also involved having semi-structured ...

This study describes the effects and effectiveness of explicit instruction of grammar on first year translation students’ writing skills enhancing transfer and hedging interference. First year translation students in a French-medium university in Lebanon study English, the target language, as both a means and an end. While communicative teaching methodologies look down upon and heavily criticize explicit instruction, students with French as their L2 have always felt safe given grammar rules, hoping to apply them right away. In order to increasing students’ metacognitive awareness, explicit ...

This thesis will discuss the difficulties related to the translation of jokes from English to Arabic, the cultural elements of the two languages, and how translators translate jokes from English into Arabic. I will also discuss the cultural aspects, with a study on translation theory. It also talks about literary translation, the translation of English jokes into Arabic, epic translation fails, and the Arabic culture. Moreover, this thesis explains the challenges of translating jokes, the cultural aspects of translating jokes, the cultural component of joke translation, and the difficulty of ...

Language is the tool used for communication in different fields specifically politics and has provided humans with a wide variety of words to use in their daily lives. Although dictionaries, agreements, declarations, conventions, and organizations give objective definitions, that is. meaning of' every word. Every word has more than a meaning fai it has different connotations resulting from various accumulated experiences, intentions, linguistic factors and non-linguistic factors. Thus, meanings of words reflect different points of view. The focus of this thesis is to deal with how the Lebanese ...

Reading is the basis of all activities students do in all school subjects and this skill has been given more attention than any other feature in education. Knowing how to read at school is an important accomplishment in itself for any student's language growth and is the source of success whether in academic years or later in life (DeStefano, 1982, p.388). Since to "read" is to decipher and understand the meaning of letters and symbols (Merriam Webster Online, p.!), comprehension is a key element in this skill. ESL/EFL students find reading in English difficult because they do not understand a ...

Lifelong learning is the process of assessing and recognizing one’s educational needs, with an intrinsically-driven purpose of continuously satisfying these needs, using proper tools. The process is deemed as crucial to medical education, by high medical authorities. Mobile learning, in medical education, offers a wide spectrum of benefits to students, educators, and the learning process in general, including the enhancement of lifelong learning and problem-based learning skills. In Lebanon, little research has been done on mobile learning in undergraduate medical education, with no existing ...

The research paper aims to translate the first three chapters of the novel entitled Khirbet Masood and written by the contemporary novelist, Professor Mansour Eid (1944-2013), from Arabic to English. The translation process attempts to bridge both the Arabic and the English versions by rendering typically the same meaning knowing that the writer’s writing style is the “apparent ease” “السهل الممتنع” which is clear and flowing; nevertheless, it is inimitable. Moreover, this paper tackles the various difficulties the translator encountered during the translation process; these difficulties include ...

The study investigated the relationship between the three leadership styles; transformational, transactional and laissez-faire, and 73 Elementary I female teachers’ job satisfaction in 10 schools (5 private and 5 public) in Lebanon. The instruments used were the Multi-Factor Leadership Questionnaire, Fifth Edition, Short Form (MLQ-5X Short, the Job Descriptive Index (JDI, 2009 revised) and Job in General Scale. Correlation and descriptive analysis (one-way ANOVA) were used to analyze data. The results revealed that both transformational and transactional leadership were positively and significantly ...

This paper reviews empirical research on vocabulary learning strategies and highlights the role of computers in EFL classes. As computers are introduced into schools in Lebanon, it is helpful to examine the effect of this tool on learning vocabulary. This study investigates the effect of electronic glossary and hypertext. Fifty students from the College Des Apotres-Jounieh were subjects for the study.The experimental group read the story, King Solomon's Mines, using a software which was designed to teach vocabulary through electronic glossary. They had access to understanding the meaning of the ...