This paper studies how each television covers war using different type of frames based on its agenda setting. Depending on an extensive literature review analysis dealing with similar international and local conflicts and wars, this study links between what happened in the past in other countries and cities and the war in Aleppo. The paper raises four main research questions: RQ1: how much importance did the television stations give to the Aleppo situation?, RQ2: did the newscasts present both sides (opposition and regime) of the story?, RQ3: what type of language was used by each channel to ...

The main factor is pinning down the income of the Lebanese movie is piracy. Investors are not willing to spend their money in a high risk project if piracy is going to continue affecting negatively the revenues of films.the growth of the Lebanese cinema is facing many obstacles. The major one is the difficulty to finance a film because financiers do not consider the Lebanese cinema as an industry with potencial success. For them, investing in a movie is not a thriving business that makes fast profit or even any profit. A lot of Lebanese movies didn't make it "financially". The producers are still ...

Social networking sites have opened the doors of communication allowing people from around the world to engage and to interact with each other. As one of the most outstanding social networking communities, Facebook boasts over 1 billion active users, visiting the platform several times a day. The purpose of this study is to examine whether Lebanese students pay attention to the ads displayed on Facebook and what kind of attitudes they have toward Facebook ads. A thorough revision of relevant literature in the fields of online advertising, Facebook advertising attention, media elements, and online ...

With a shift in the Lebanese music industry with an emphasis on the physical appearance of the artists, the body perceptions and satisfactions of a Lebanese audience are affected by the way the media portray artists in contemporary Lebanese music videos. The past of Arab music was one filled with "art", "enchantment", and "ecstasy"(Hammond, 2005). Female artists or singers were deemed talented for their exceptional vocals and their abilities to grab the audiences' attention. In fact, Racy (2003) expressed how the period of classical Arab music, which lasted between the 50's and 70's, was ...

While some film theorists are talking about a presumed death of cinema, others discuss a second golden age for TV. The current study proposes an argument that contemporary television series (as a product of post-modernism) are benefiting from cinema's previous achievements in order to upgrade their quality. To illustrate this idea, selected scenes and episodes from some narrative quality TV series are textually analyzed and compared to film theories of the three main film traditions in cinema's history (classical, modern, and post-modern). The genres of these shows follow the formulaic distinctions ...

The remarkable success of comparative advertising especially in Lebanon has sparked considerable discussions over the relative qualities and risks. Comparative advertising in the Middle East, European Union and United States has shown application of the rules and regulations of the governments through respecting the law of the community via its influence on consumer purchasing behavior which goes along with hypothesis one. This study has explored the position of the Lebanese market regarding comparative advertising through taking the opinions of some legal experts and practitioners in the field. ...

Among the Arab countries, Lebanon was the first to legislate a copyright law in 1924 besides signing and joining a number of international conventions such as the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, Universal Copyright Convention and the Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations. The 1924 copyright law was only amended in 1999 when the Lebanese parliament issued an Act replacing chapter VII of the 1924 Act. While Lebanon has been on the forefront of copyright legislation in the Arab world, it still ...

This research aims to gain understanding of the health behavior of individuals affected with a genetic disease, Friedreich Ataxia in Lebanon and comprehend the consequences of the lack of awareness and circulation of information about FA on those individuals in comparison with international communication efforts through the Health Belief Model theory. The research method used throughout this thesis is qualitative and interviews with sixteen Lebanese participants afflicted with FA aged between 11 to 49 years old were conducted relying on an interview guide that tested seven constructs of the ...

With globalization governing the world, increasing competition beyond borders, companies have seen their market share shrink and their profits disappear. This phenomenon gave rise to the e-commerce, a key platform to streamline globalization. However, some parts of the world were still shy in adopting e-commerce for their daily transactions, particularly the Middle East region. It wasn’t until the surge the COVID-19 pandemic, that e-commerce made its way to every corner of the globe and became part of the daily lives of the citizens of the world, including the Middle East. The question that we ...