Lebanon, the second smallest state in the Middle East, has been influenced by numerous foreign interventions, of which most significant are those by, regional and global powers, the French Republic and the United States of America. Beyond their direct military presence in the past, both the US and France have been constantly accused of meddling in Lebanon’s internal affairs. In the past few years, the United States had been regularly imposing sanctions on Lebanese companies and individuals, whereas, more recently still, France was becoming directly involved in the Lebanese political crisis. ...

This research study examines the economic and diplomatic strategies of GCC countries (Kuwait, Qatar, UAE, and Saudi Arabia). It aims to analyze strengths, weaknesses, and challenges faced, as well as gaps in existing literature. Research questions focus on economic diplomacy, strategies employed by GCC countries, and gaps in current literature. The study begins with an introduction to the GCC countries and member states, followed by research objectives, scope, and limitations. A literature review explores economic strategies and diplomatic approaches, highlighting gaps in comparative studies, ...

International Non-Governmental Organizations' (INGOs) contributions to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is a subject that has gained great attention within the academic and practical fields. The human rights INGOs have a leading role in contributing to the SDGs as recognized by the 2030 agenda with a particular focus on developing countries. Lebanon as a developing country has committed to the achievement of the 17 SDGs in 2015 and is considered on its average performance. The main role of INGOs in developing countries is to ensure that the 17 global SDGs can be translated from the ...

This study investigates the impact of civil-military relations within Türkiye on its foreign policy decisions in the MENA region from 2002 onwards. The hypothesis posits that the various phases of civil-military competition in Türkiye significantly influenced the Turkish government's foreign policies towards the MENA region during the Justice and Development Party’s rule. To address this question, the study examines the history of civil-military relations in Türkiye, focusing on the four military coups that occurred since the year 1923 and till the end of the 90s. The study also focuses on the ...

The principle of the independence of the judiciary, as protected by international and regional apparatuses for the promotion and fortification of human rights, is indispensable to the existence of the rule of law. To guarantee independence in executing legal standards and safeguarding respect of citizens’ rights, the Judiciary must be impartial and independent of the two other legislative and executive powers. However, the judiciary in Lebanon lacks independence and the purpose of this study is to build a framework for understanding the dynamics of the lack of judicial independence in Lebanon. ...

Iran is a major power in the Middle East and does play a major role in the region. It is the center of Shiism. It exerts its influence either as a supporter of militias and 'terrorist group' such as "Hezbollah" in Lebanon, Palestinians and others. It had historical feud with Iraq especially under the Sunni President Saddam Hussein. Presently this unfriendly conflict could change with the formation of an Iraqi Shiite government. By contract, Iran's anti western stands are unchanged since the Khomeini revolution. With its militant regime following the demise of the Shah, Iran aims at becoming ...

The concept of Collective security was created to oversee that human rights and global peace are maintained in this ongoing struggled for power. As an organization, the United Nations was created to manage collective security in order to prevent global conflict. The notion of peace keeping was created as one of the counter solutions to any threat to global peace. Peace keeping operations constitute a compromise between peaceful settlement and joint imposition. Knowing the theoretical context and framework of the United Nations' Chapter Six and Chapter Seven is a must for a better knowledge of ...

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the current conflict between Russia and Ukraine war and the United States' behaviors and actions during the Ukraine crisis in order to understand why the conflict resulted in a geopolitical power struggle. Because the current debate is rife with biased information and propaganda, this thesis seeks to objectively observe the behaviors and actions of both sides in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of their roles in the crisis. It is qualitative because it investigates this specific conflict using multiple sources to gain an in-depth understanding ...

Studying and analyzing local perceptions of peacekeeping missions have recently headed the forefront of United Nations peacekeeping objectives. UNIFIL which has been present for more than 35 years in Southern Lebanon has long sought to interact with the local population within an environment that is politically and economically challenging. This paper aimed at studying the perception of the local population towards UNIFIL. By reviewing the long years of interaction since the mission’s inception in 1978, UNIFILs’ humanitarian services and projects created a climate of positive interaction within ...

The focus of this thesis research revolves around two hypotheses in an attempt to find out which is more accurate in today’s globalized and industrialized world. The first hypothesis looks at oil as bringing harm to the Arab world, while the second one considers oil as being a blessing and a tool of development. Oil, despite the numerous benefits and blessings that it brought to the Arab world, according to scholars, has also had a negative impact on the political landscape and socioeconomic conditions of several Arab Countries. This research intends to highlight the pros and cons related to ...