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Browsing Theses and Dissertations by Title

Browsing Theses and Dissertations by Title

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  • A meta- analysis of antibiotic resistance prevalence among hospital and community- acquired infections 
    Mahmoud, Hala Bassam (Notre Dame University-Louaize, 2021)
    Antibiotic resistance and prevalence of hospital (HAI) and community-acquired (CAI) infections are significantly increasing in the world, though very few studies are addressing this topic in Lebanon. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to identify antibiotic (AB) resistance prevalence among hospital and community acquired infections. Literature databases were searched for antibiotic resistance, HAI, and CAI in Lebanon from 2010 to 2020. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data in Lebanon published between 2010 and 2020, antibiotic resistance in microorganisms responsible for either ...
  • A Meta-Analysis of Vaccination Hesitancy : the case of MMR and COVID 19 
    Hajje, Thilda (Notre Dame University-Louaize, 2022)
    Vaccination is a preventive measure to reduce death and morbidity against infectious diseases, and has been applied effectively against most of the viral and bacterial infections around the world. Targeted campaigns against children diseases have been very effective in drastically reducing such diseases thanks to national immunization programs in both developed and developing countries. However, many individuals including parents of various ages are still reluctant to commit to vaccination and some recent fears have been increasing when it comes to vaccination more recently, especially due to ...
  • Pesticides' effect on myelin gene expression in oligodenrocytes 
    Tohme, Celine (Notre Dame University-Louaize, 2016)
    Several studies have shown a link between pesticide exposure and neurological problems. In the present study, we show the effect of twenty common pesticides (dieldrin, rotenone, endosulfan, penconazole, trifiuralin, dicofol, chloropropham, hexachlorobenzene, thiamethoxam, dimethoate, maneb, p,p' -DDE, paraquat, permethrin, chlorfenapyr, propanil, kresoxim-methyl, boscalid, triadimefon, lambda-cyhalothrin) on myelin gene expression (PLP and MBP) in oligodendrocytes. We first studied the toxicology of each chemical to determine the doses to consider by calculating the ration of dead to living ...
  • Potent antifungal activity of saponins from medicinal plants against candida albicans 
    Nader, Ingrid (Notre Dame University-Louaize, 2021)
    Candida albicans, is usually a harmless fungus in healthy individuals, but life-threatening when found in large quantities or in inappropriate parts of the body. It developed resistance against the antifungal drugs fluconazole and amphotericin B, used in an abusive way, by adopting different mechanisms. Medicinal plants, which offer a wide variety of secondary metabolites, especially saponins, have been reported for their large biological activities. These phytochemicals are composed of a hydrophobic part (aglycone) and a hydrophilic one (glycone), which, based on their aglycone part, are ...
  • Preliminary assay for extraction of saponins from Styrax Officinalis and characterization of emulsifying properties of their extract 
    Ghosn, Marc (Notre Dame University-Louaize, 2020-07)
    An extraction protocol for saponins of Styrax Officinalis plant was adopted, modified and successfully applied. The extract obtained was tested by stabilizing Oil-in-Water emulsions. Ethanol extraction and successful one-step partial purification using AB-8 adsorption column chromatography yielded positive colorimetric (Vanillin – Sulfuric Acid) TLC results. The 3D structure of the four Styrax Officinalis saponins reported in the literature were rendered for the first time, and their partitioning properties exclusively acquired using Marvin Sketch chemical drawing software. 10% w/w Sunflower Oil ...
  • Sol-Gel synthesis of silica nanoparticles and their role in predicting cement mortar strength at early ages 
    Boukarroum, Rayyan Hamad (Notre Dame University-Louaize, 2020)
    Cement is one of the most fundamentally used material all over the world. Among the many different properties of cement, compressive strength conventionally determined at the age of 28 days remains the most important parameter to assess cement quality. Waiting for 28 days to obtain a test result urges cement manufacturers to set quality parameters higher than the minimum accepted by norms, which means higher unnecessary manufacturing costs. The aim of this study is to assess the performance of cement mortar when nano silica (Nano-SiO2) is used as supplementary cementitious material (SCMs) and ...
  • Synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles for potential applications in wound healing 
    Dib, Kevin (Notre Dame University-Louaize, 2020-10)
    In this work, Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized in water using either polymer assisted chemical reduction synthesis method or green synthesis. The obtained AgNPs were characterized by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), and further tested for antibacterial activity to evaluate their potential use in wound healing. At first polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP 10 KD) and Low-Molecular Weight Chitosan were used as coating agents during the reduction of silver nitrate with a strong reducing agent sodium borohydride (NaBH4). Our DLS results demonstrated that ...
  • Synthesis and functionalization of d-PLL-PEG-FA coated gold nanoparticles for siRNA delivery in human prostate cancer 
    Minassian, Georges B. (2021)
    Herein, we describe, a simple method for the synthesis of dendrigraft poly-L-lysine (d-PLL) coated gold nanoparticles in water (AuNPs-d-PLL) as potential vehicles of siRNA delivery to prostate cancer cells, PC3-PSMA. AuNPs-d-PLL with diameters ranging between 50 ̶ 130 nm have been synthesized in aqueous solutions using d-PLL (7 KD) as a capping ligand and L-ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. The size of the resulting AuNPs was found to depend on several parameters, such as the concentrations of gold salt, reducing agent, and d-PLL. The obtained AuNPs-d-PLL were characterized using UV-visible ...
  • Synthesis, integrity, and biocompatibility of scFvD2B coated gold nanoparticles in human blood 
    Mitri, Nadim (Notre Dame University-Louaize, 2020)
    In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized in water and characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Zeta potential analysis. AuNPs were coated with thiol functionalized polyethylene glycol (PEG-SH) and scFvD2B (antibody fragment of D2B mAb) well known to recognize the extracellular epitope of the human prostate specific membrane antigen (hPSMA). In fact, scFvD2B binds PSMA and induces its endocytosis, thereby marking PSMA as a docking site for the delivery of therapeutic agents. AuNPs successful coating was confirmed by DLS ...
  • Using quasars as standard candles : measuring distances up to redshifts4 
    Ismail, Diana (Notre Dame University-Louaize, 2019-02)
    In this thesis, we have restudied a sample chosen by (Lusso & Risaliti, 2016) consisting of a set of 2,153 unique quasars given by two source catalogues: 3XMM-DR5 (Rosen et al., 2016) and DR7 catalogue (Shen et al., 2011). Quasars serve science in two different ways: 1) Understanding accretion physics by studying the physical mechanism occuring between the disk and cloud corona, and 2) they are good cosmological probes in distance estimation reaching redshifts ~ 7 (Mortlock et al., 2011). A physical relation has been observed between the optical-UV disk and the X-ray corona through a log-log ...

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